High blood pressure in hypertension is an indicator of chronic persistent hypertension that requires treatment. High blood pressure also poses a risk of complications.
Blood pressure indicates the force with which the blood presses on the vessel walls as it moves through the vessels. Blood pressure monitor readings may fluctuate up or down throughout the day. This is considered the norm. However, if blood pressure is consistently high, it is referred to as a condition called high blood pressure.
High blood pressure or arterial hypertension leads to serious complications.
The so-called target organs are negatively affected: heart, kidneys, brain, blood vessels, retina. Heart attacks and strokes are very often the consequences of high blood pressure.
high blood pressure
High blood pressure in hypertension is dangerous and depends on fault tolerance. Normal systolic blood pressure is between 120 and 129 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure is between 80 and 84 mmHg.
The diagnosis of "first degree hypertension" is made when blood pressure levels remain between 140/90 and 160/100 mmHg. This is a mild degree of the disease in which constantly elevated blood pressure is not accompanied by damage to the internal organs.
In the early stages of hypertension, blood pressure increases periodically. Constant stress can lead to frequent and prolonged surges. With a calm neuropsychic state, the phases of its increase are short-term and rare.
Persistent high blood pressure in hypertension poses a great danger of developing a hypertensive crisis. It's only a matter of time!
The success of treatment of arterial hypertension directly depends on compliance with the treatment measures and treatment regimen. Strict adherence to the doctor's recommendations accelerates the drop in tonometer readings to normal values. The effects can last for a very long time.
You should check your blood pressure if you have the following symptoms:
- Headache in the back of the head (often throbbing);
- Dizziness;
- Sleep disorders;
- visual effect of "flies";
- Heart pain.
The danger of high blood pressure lies in the fact that its initial stages are often asymptomatic.
A person may not even realize that they have high blood pressure. The body quickly adapts to new indicators and the patient feels completely normal. Meanwhile, the pathological process spreads and affects internal organs.
Catastrophic changes in blood vessels can lead to kidney failure, heart attack and stroke, which comes as a complete surprise to the patient.
Lifestyle changes can have a positive effect on blood pressure.
For this the patient needs:
- ensure restful sleep;
- avoid stressful situations;
- Do exercises to relax the body.
- follow a diet;
- increase physical activity.
If these measures do not help to manage high blood pressure, the patient is prescribed medication. After the examination, the doctor will tell you which drug is best for normalizing blood pressure.
High pressure
High blood pressure due to high blood pressure must be treated immediately! The 2nd degree of hypertension (moderate) is characterized by an increase to a value of 160/100 to 180/110 mmHg. To return the indicators to normal at this stage of the disease, the use of medications is required. When examining patients diagnosed with stage 2 hypertension, enlargement of the left ventricle is often noted.
Severe hypertension is diagnosed with a sustained increase in blood pressure above 180/110 mmHg. Such high rates are usually associated with serious complications such as strokes, heart attacks and kidney dysfunction.
High blood pressure due to hypertension is the leading cause of death and disability.
Symptoms of very high blood pressure and severe hypertension include:
- cardiac arrhythmia;
- nosebleeds;
- pain in the heart area;
- Headache;
- Gait disorder and movement coordination;
- severe visual impairment;
- muscle weakness;
- paralysis (resulting from impaired cerebral circulation);
- coughing up blood;
- inability to self-service;
- speech disorder;
- Clouding of consciousness.
To treat severe high blood pressure, effective medications are prescribed or the dosage of common medications is increased. Patients with chronic pathology take tablets for the rest of their lives.
Prevention of high blood pressure
If you have not yet been diagnosed with high blood pressure, your daily goal should be to lower your blood pressure to normal levels.
To maintain normal levels, you must follow a few simple rules:
- maintaining normal body weight;
- eat less salt;
- maintain a regime of moderate physical activity;
- stop smoking and reduce consumption of alcoholic beverages;
- consume foods containing potassium (the average daily requirement for an adult is 3500 mg of potassium);
- Include fresh fruits and vegetables and low-fat dairy products in your daily diet.
Right nutrition
With arterial hypertension, the basic principles of nutrition must be observed:
- The daily diet should be balanced in terms of the content of proteins, fats and carbohydrates. Daily intake for an adult: proteins – 100 g, fats – 100 g, carbohydrates – 400 g.
- It is necessary to reduce the intake of light (quickly converted into glucose) carbohydrates.
- Reduce the amount of salt you consume.
- Enrich your daily menu with foods rich in vitamins, potassium, magnesium and other useful microelements.
- Replace animal fats with vegetable oils.
- Include seafood rich in iodine and fatty acids in your diet.
- Compose the right diet: the number of meals per day is 5, the last meal is 2 hours before bedtime.
- Prefer boiled or stewed dishes.
- Daily fluid intake should not exceed 1. 5 liters (including liquid food and tea).
If there are no chronic abnormalities or vascular diseases, such simple measures should be enough to normalize blood pressure.
With stage 1 hypertension, it is necessary to limit the consumption of certain foods. For grades 2 and 3 - exclude completely.
Patients with hypertension are strongly discouraged from including the following in their diet:
- rich fish and meat broths;
- fatty pork and lamb;
- strong coffee and tea;
- beef fat, lard;
- hot spices;
- baked goods, cakes, pastries;
- salted and pickled vegetables, radishes;
- mayonnaise, fatty sauces;
- chocolate, cocoa;
- sweet lemonade;
- Alcohol and tobacco.
Products that lower blood pressure
For hypertensive patients, the greatest benefit will be products containing antioxidants, which are able to break down fats, thin the blood and prevent the formation of blood clots.
| Nutrient content in products | Example list of products |
|---|---|
| Folic acid | Tomatoes, spinach, citrus fruits, peas, beans |
| lactic acid | Sauerkraut, low-fat fermented milk products |
| vitamin C | Rose hips, garlic, currants, lemon |
| Coarse fiber | Potatoes, grains, vegetables, herbs, berries and fruits |
| Phosphorus, magnesium, potassium | Nuts, seafood, seeds |
The list of products can be expanded by observing the basic principles of drawing up a menu for hypertensive patients.
Blood pressure changes throughout the day. Particularly strong fluctuations can be observed in high blood pressure patients. It is low in the morning, rises after meals and then falls again. Blood pressure is significantly higher in the evening than in the morning. And at night during sleep it can drop sharply in patients with arterial hypertension. These surges are more severe than in healthy people.
Normalizing blood pressure in hypertension can save a person's life and protect him from a heart attack or stroke.